Improved water-repellent material



thatch h1l$ CHARLES TOPPAN, OF WAKEFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 89,095, dated April 20, 1869.

IMPROVED WATER-REPELLENT MATERIAL.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Onimnus TOPPAN, of Wakefield, in the county of Middle'sex and State of Messachusetts, have invented a new and useful Repellent Material; and I hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereofi' My invention consists in a repellent material, composed of paper, cloth, or any felted or textile fabric, cork, sponge, leather, or other porous substance, treated with a solution of parafiiue, so as to resist the action of water, acids, 860.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use my invention I will proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it.out.

The paper, cloth, or other material is saturatedwith a solution of paralline, so that the parafiine may permeate the material as thoroughlyas may be required for the uses to whichthe material is to be applied, and it is then dried by natural or artificial heat, or in a current of air, and the solvent then evaporates, leaving the material permeated with paraffine.

The best solvent for parafline for this purpose is naphtha, (including benziue and benzole,) which is well known as a solvent. Any other suitable solvent may 'be used.

For the bestresults, refined parai'fine and naphtha of a light gravity should be used; for coarser products, crude paralfine will answer.

The heavier naphthas may also be used,butin most cases with less perfect result-s.

The degree of permeation will of course be determined by the nature of the material used, its thickness, porosity, 800., and the density of the solution, and this degree will depend upon the purpose for which the material is to be employed.

Articles of wood, paper, and cloth have been made water-proof by the application of melted parafiine, as

set forth in Letters Patent granted to Stuart Gwynn, 

